Eating Blue Zones-style can help you get more plans in your diet and promote longevity.
Image Credit: Floriana/E+/GettyImages
In This Article
Blue Zones Diet 101
Food List
How to Meal Plan
7-Day Meal Plan
Tips
If your goal is a long and happy life, then you might have to start looking at what you put on your plate. Longevity, or how many years you live, is increasing thanks to modern medicine and a better understanding of how lifestyle factors can influence health.
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It's estimated that anywhere from 20 to 40 percent of your longevity is determined by genetics, according to February 2022 research in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences.
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That leaves a lot of room for you to potentially increase your years lived simply by altering your lifestyle choices — and looking to the Blue Zones may be a good place to start.
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What's the Blue Zones Diet?
In 2004, with a collaboration between National Geographic and the National Institute on Aging, an author named Dan Buettner set out to find the secret to living longer. The team found that there were five distinct places in the world that had the largest number of centenarians, or people who lived to be 100. They also found these locations to have lower numbers of chronic diseases, like heart disease, type 2 diabetes and even dementia.
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They named these areas the Blue Zones, and they include:
Okinawa, Japan Sardinia, Italy Nicoya, Costa Rica Ikaria, Greece Loma Linda, California
These five locations were then deemed to be the healthiest places to live, so naturally, they sought to find out why.
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Anthropologists, epidemiologists and many researchers traveled to the Blue Zones to find out what they had in common and they came up with some common themes between all of these places that might contribute to this longevity phenomenon:
Natural movement each day Have purpose in life Find ways to relieve stress Stop eating before you’re full and eat your largest meal in the middle of the day Eat a plant-forward diet Limit your alcohol intake Belong to a faith-based community Value family and keep them close Maintain healthy social circles
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For example, the Blue Zone of Loma Linda, CA is largely a Seventh Day Adventist community and they follow a vegetarian diet. They're also the only Blue Zone that does not drink alcohol at all, per their religion.
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The Diet Basics
It’s clear that it takes more than a nutritious diet to reach the age of 100, but the diet in all the Blue Zones have one commonality: They’re largely plant-based.
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Eating more veggies doesn't guarantee you'll live longer, but the high amounts of antioxidants, fiber and minimally processed food in plant-based diets are linked to a lower risk of chronic disease.
The Blue Zones diet focuses on plant foods, with most folks eating meat only five times per month (or about once per week), according to September-October 2016 research in the American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.
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Blue Zones Diet Foods
The Blue Zones diet can be best described as a flexitarian diet or a Mediterranean diet pattern. It’s a largely plant-focused diet, with moderate amounts of dairy, eggs, fish and whole grains. Foods to Eat a Lot Of Feel free to eat multiple servings of these foods each day:
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Fruits: Apples, berries, citrus, melons, pomegranates, stone fruit and avocados are just some examples. Eat several whole fruits each day. Vegetables: Leafy greens, all squash varieties, fennel, tomatoes, peppers, onions, cucumbers. Make vegetables half of each meal. Legumes: Chickpeas, black beans, pinto beans, white beans, kidney beans, all lentil varieties. Eat one cup of legumes daily. Olive oil: Replace butter or other oils with olive oil. Nuts or nut butters: Almonds, pistachios, peanuts, walnuts. Eat one to two handfuls each day. If choosing a nut butter, avoid those with added sugars. Herbs, spices, and vinegars: Use these as your flavorings and seasonings for daily dishes. Coffee and tea: These can be enjoyed daily and are a staple in the Blue Zones diet. Water: Make water your main drink of choice to stay hydrated. Drink depending on your activity level, so more if you’re active.
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Foods to Eat in Moderation
You’ll want to eat these foods once a day or a few times a week:
Grains: Sourdough or whole-grain bread Fish: Tuna, salmon, cod, halibut, tilapia Whole eggs (don’t toss that yolk!) Dairy: Greek yogurt, milk, feta cheese, parmesan cheese Wine: With the exception of alcohol abstinence for religious reasons, alcohol intake in the Blue Zones is moderate, with the recommendation of one to two glasses per day.
Foods to Limit You’ll want to limit these foods to once a week or a few times a month:
Meat: Pork, beef Poultry: Chicken, turkey Sweets: Sweets like cakes, pies, cookies and pastries are thought of as celebratory foods. Added sugars should be limited to the American Heart Association’s recommendation of no more than 6 to 9 teaspoons (24 to 36 grams) per day.
Foods to Avoid There are no hard-and-fast rules on avoiding foods, but generally, foods that are not eaten regularly in Blue Zones include:
Sugar-sweetened beverages: Sodas, sweetened tea, sugary coffee drinks and other drinks with high amounts of added sugar should be avoided whenever possible. Ultra-processed foods: Frozen pizzas, chips, crackers and processed meats are not a part of the diet in the Blue Zones.
How to Meal Plan for a Blue Zones Diet A hallmark of the Blue Zones diet is eating minimally processed meals — that means you’re cooking from home more. If this is new for you, then gradually ease into this: You can start by cooking at home one more night a week.
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If you're already cooking at home, here are some tips to help you plan for eating Blue Zones-style:
Because the bulk of the diet is made of plant foods, make sure to fill at least half your plate with vegetables of all kinds. It’s also recommended that you eat legumes daily, along with a serving of nuts and multiple servings of fruit. Fill in the rest of your plate with whole grains, fish, eggs or dairy for most days of the week. Eat fruit daily or simply make it your dessert. Stock your pantry with grains (such as quinoa, millet and farro) as well as olive oil, spices and legumes. Keep frozen fruit and vegetables in the freezer when you run out of fresh. Add frozen spinach, corn, or peas to soups, stews or pasta dishes.
Your 7-Day Blue Zones Meal Plan Try this week-long meal plan to kickstart your Blue Zones diet. You’ve got three meals a day plus snacks to choose from: Sunday
Breakfast: Baby kale is the star of this Southern-Style Green Breakfast Skillet. Lunch: Add tofu or black beans for more protein in this 10-Minute Veggie Fried Rice. Dinner: Swap out regular pasta for more veggies in this Simple Spaghetti Squash With Pesto.
Monday
Breakfast: The crunchy chickpeas are an unexpected twist in this Crunchy Spiced Chickpea Toast. Lunch: Greek Orzo Salad will help you get more vegetables in your day. Dinner: Pork Tenderloin With Apricots will be the center of your meal — round it out with roasted carrots and a crisp green salad.
Tuesday
Breakfast: Banana Breakfast Bars give you 5 grams of fiber per serving. Lunch: Tuna and White Bean Salad comes together in minutes for a quick high-protein lunch. Dinner: If you have the time, make a batch of this Vegetarian Quinoa Chili to get 11 grams of fiber and 13 grams of protein per serving.
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Wednesday
Breakfast: Wild Mushroom and Baby Spinach Egg Skillet will get you two servings of vegetables. Lunch: This Chana Masala is loaded with 8 grams of fiber per serving. Dinner: Lentil Pasta With Creamy Red Pepper Sauce and Spinach is the perfect way to get more legumes in your diet.
Thursday
Breakfast: This Tex-Mex Vegan Breakfast Hash replaces potatoes with high-protein tofu. Lunch: Add a small Greek salad to this Red Lentil Soup With Lemon to round out your meal. Dinner: Get in your omega-3s with Grilled Sweet-n-Spice Salmon With Rice.
Friday
Breakfast: The pick-me-up in this Jasmine Green Sunrise Smoothie comes from fresh mint and ginger. Lunch: Cook your sweet potatoes ahead of time for a quick lunch with this tasty Lemon Ricotta Baked Sweet Potato. Dinner: Add two types of beans for more protein and fiber in this Vegan Tortilla Soup.
Saturday
Breakfast: The Grilled Banana Split Breakfast Bowl gives you 23 grams of protein and is a breakfast that feels like dessert. Lunch: Hummus Pizza is a fun way to get more whole grains in your day. Dinner: Savory Lentil Chili With Cumin Cream provides an impressive 19 grams of plant-based protein.
Snacks You can choose two to three snacks daily:
Fresh fruit Handful of nuts Greek yogurt Vegetable sticks with hummus or guacamole Roasted chickpeas Nut butter and fruit
Things to Keep in Mind With the Blue Zones Diet
Don’t aim for perfection: You probably won’t be able to mimic the exact diet of those who live in Blue Zones — and that’s OK. Don’t strive to perfect this diet — you’ll still see health benefits by increasing the number of plant foods in your diet. Change happens slowly: If you’re not currently eating a lot of plant-based meals or cooking at home often, this will be a change for you. Take it slow to keep stress to a minimum and enjoy eating healthier. Watch for nutrient deficiencies: When switching to a more plant-based diet, it may be possible to miss out on certain nutrients if you’re not careful. Make sure you’re getting enough iron (legumes, eggs, meat), calcium (dairy, fortified foods, tofu), vitamin D (fortified foods, salmon, eggs) and vitamin B12 (meat, eggs, dairy). Be especially mindful of the needs of children and older adults. Talk to your doctor or registered dietitian if you have nutrient concerns when switching up your diet.
Ready to Adopt a Mediterranean Diet? Start With This 7-Day Meal Plan
by
Kelsey Casselbury
10 Plant-Based Breakfasts With More Protein Than an Egg
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Your 4-Week Mediterranean Diet Meal Plan, Curated by a Dietitian-Chef
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references
International Journal of Molecular Sciences: "Genes and Longevity of Lifespan"
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine: "Blue Zones"
American Heart Association: "Added Sugar"
references
International Journal of Molecular Sciences: "Genes and Longevity of Lifespan"
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine: "Blue Zones"
American Heart Association: "Added Sugar"
Eating Blue Zones-style can help you get more plans in your diet and promote longevity.
Image Credit: Floriana/E+/GettyImages
Image Credit: Floriana/E+/GettyImages
- Blue Zones Diet 101
- Food List
- How to Meal Plan
- 7-Day Meal Plan
- Tips
You can choose two to three snacks daily:
Fresh fruit Handful of nuts Greek yogurt Vegetable sticks with hummus or guacamole Roasted chickpeas Nut butter and fruit
Fresh fruit
Handful of nuts
Greek yogurt
Vegetable sticks with hummus or guacamole
Roasted chickpeas
Nut butter and fruit
Ready to Adopt a Mediterranean Diet? Start With This 7-Day Meal Plan by Kelsey Casselbury 10 Plant-Based Breakfasts With More Protein Than an Egg by Sarah Pflugradt Your 4-Week Mediterranean Diet Meal Plan, Curated by a Dietitian-Chef by Abbie Gellman International Journal of Molecular Sciences: "Genes and Longevity of Lifespan" American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine: "Blue Zones" American Heart Association: "Added Sugar"
